Original Article
  • Screen-Printing Process Optimization for Electromagnetic Wave-Absorbing Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) Films
  • Sung-Hun Ha*, Jinbong Kim*, Hyeon-Seok Choe*, Jaecheol Oh*, Seokyoung Park*, Sangkeun Kim**, Hong-Kyu Jang*†

  • * Composites & Convergence Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea
    ** Radar R&D, LIG Nex1 Co., Ltd., Yongin 16911, Republic of Korea

  • 전파흡수용 FSS 필름 제작을 위한 스크린 프린팅 공정 최적화 연구
  • 하성훈* · 김진봉* · 최현석* · 오재철* · 박석영* · 김상근** · 장홍규*†

  • This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

References
  • 1. Navickiene, O., Bekesiene, S., and Vasiliauskas, A.V., “Optimizing Unmanned Combat Air Systems Autonomy, Survivability, and Combat Effectiveness: A Fuzzy DEMATEL Assessment of Critical Technological and Strategic Drivers,” 2025 International Conference on Military Technologies (ICMT), Brno, Czech Republic, 2025, pp. 1-8.
  •  
  • 2. Bryant, B., Fisher, C., Boseman, D., and Ivancik, J., “Digital Technology—a Universal Integrator—Enabling Full-Spectrum Survivability Evaluations,” Naval Engineers Journal, Vol. 136, No. 1-2, 2024, pp. 189-198.
  •  
  • 3. Ruiz-Perez, F., López-Estrada, S.M., Tolentino-Hernández, R.V., and Caballero-Briones, F., “Carbon-Based Radar Absorbing Materials: A Critical Review,” Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices, Vol. 7, No. 3, 2022, 100454.
  •  
  • 4. Narang, S.B., and Pubby, K., “Nickel Spinel Ferrites: A Review,” Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Vol. 519, 2021, 167163.
  •  
  • 5. Lv, H., Guo, Y., Yang, Z., Yan Cheng, Y., Wang, L.P., Zhang, B., Zhao, Y., J. Xu, Z.J., and Ji, G., “A Brief Introduction to The Fabrication and Synthesis of Graphene Based Composites for The Realization of Electromagnetic Absorbing Materials,” Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 5, 2017, pp. 491-512.
  •  
  • 6. Kim, J.B., and Kim, C., “Study on Design and Performance of Microwave Absorbers of Carbon Nanotube Composite Laminates,” Journal of the Korean Society for Composite Materials, Vol. 24, No. 2, 2011, pp. 38-45.
  •  
  • 7. Lee, K., Lee, J., Jung, B.M., Lee, S.B., and Kim, T., “Dispersion Characteristics of Magnetic Particle/Graphene Hybrid Based on Dispersant and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Characteristics of Composites,” Journal of the Korean Society for Composite Materials, Vol. 31, No. 3, 2018, pp. 111-116.
  •  
  • 8. Pubby, K., and Narang, S. B., “Ka Band Absorption Properties of Substituted Nickel Spinel Ferrites: Comparison of Open-Circuit Approach and Short-Circuit Approach,” Ceramics International, Vol. 45, No. 17, 2019, pp. 23673-23680.
  •  
  • 9. Guan, C., Su, S., Wang, B., Zhong, J., Chen, J., Sun, F., and Zhan, L., “Electromagnetic Stealth Technology: A Review of Wave-Absorbing Structures,” Materials & Design, Vol. 253, 2025, 113891.
  •  
  • 10. Alfian, N.A., Norhashim, N., Kamal, N.L.M., Shah, S.A., Sahwee, Z., Azizan, M.A., “Overview of Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) Filters: Advancements in Fabrication Materials and Techniques,” Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, Vol. 62, No. 4, 2026, pp. 13-24.
  •  
  • 11. Che, Y., Wu, S., Li, M., and Ban, Y., “Research Progress on FSS Stealth Radome,” Electronics, Vol. 14, No. 6, 2025, 1132.
  •  
  • 12. Devarapalli, A.B., and Moyra, T., “Design of a Metamaterial Loaded W-shaped Patch Antenna with FSS for Improved Bandwidth and Gain,” Silicon, Vol. 15, 2023, pp. 2011-2024.
  •  
  • 13. Bhattacharya, S., Chaudhary, K., Ramkumar, J., and Srivastava, K. V., “Selective Etching of ITO–PET Using a Dry Film Photoresist for Large Area Metamaterial Fabrication,” Journal of Materials Chemistry C, Vol. 12, 2024, pp. 19266-19273.
  •  
  • 14. Shim, H.B., Han, K., Song, J., and Hahn, J.W., “A Multispectral Single-Layer Frequency Selective Surface Absorber for Infrared and Millimeter Wave Selective Bi-Stealth,” Advanced Optical Materials, Vol. 10, No. 6, 2022, 2102107.
  •  
  • 15. Choi, J., Lim, D., and Lim, S., “Screen-Printed Metamaterial Absorber Using Fractal Metal Mesh for Optical Transparency and Flexibility,” Fractal and Fractional, Vol. 8, No. 5, 2024, 284.
  •  
  • 16. King, D.J., Hettak, K., Chaharmir, M.R., and Gupta, S., “Flexible Ink-Minimized Screen-Printed Frequency Selective Surfaces with Increased Optical Transparency for 5G Electromagnetic Interference Mitigation,” IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 13, No. 1, 2023, pp. 110-119.
  •  
  • 17. Zhang, J., Fan, Z., Li, B., Ren, D., and Xu, M., “Study on Structure–Function Integrated Polymer-Based Microwave-Absorption Composites,” Polymers, Vol. 16, No. 17, 2024, 2472.
  •  
  • 18. Kim, J., Jang, H., Oh, J., and Park, J., “A Rational Design Procedure for Absorbers of Square-Loop-Shaped Resistive Frequency Selective Surface Placed on Glass/Epoxy Laminate,” IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 65, No. 1, 2023, pp. 104-113.
  •  
  • 19. Deng, G., Lv, K., Sun, H., Hong, Y., Zhang, X., Yin, Z., and Yang, J., “Wideband Absorber Based on Conductive Ink Frequency Selective Surface with Polarization Insensitivity and Wide-Incident-Angle Stability,” Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology. Vol. 10, 2020, pp. 1-10.
  •  
  • 20. Zhao, D., “Design of Surface FSS Laser Etching System,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, Vol. 2457, 2023, 012005.
  •  
  • 21. Ailinger, M., Aal, K.A., and Willenbacher, N., “Rheology and Fine-Line Screen Printing of Solar Cell Front-Side Metallization Pastes – What Really Matters,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 292, 2025, 113763.
  •  
  • 22. Xu, C., and Willenbacher, N., “How Rheological Properties Affect Fine-Line Screen Printing of Pastes: A Combined Rheological and High-Speed Video Imaging Study,” Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, Vol. 15, 2018, pp. 1401-1412.
  •  
  • 23. Wang, X.D., Lee, D.J., Peng, X.F., Lai, J.Y., “Spreading Dynamics and Dynamic Contact Angle of Non-Newtonian Fluids,” Langmuir, Vol. 23, No. 15, 2007, pp. 8042-8047.
  •  
  • 24. Yüce, C., Okamoto, K., Karpowich, L., Adrian, A., and Willenbacher, N., “Non-Volatile Free Silver Paste Formulation for Front-Side Metallization of Silicon Solar Cells,” Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol. 200, 2019, 110040.
  •  
  • 25. Potts, S., Phillips, C., Jewell, E., Clifford, B., Lau, Y.C., and Claypole, T., “High-Speed Imaging The Effect of Snap-Off Distance and Squeegee Speed on The Ink Transfer Mechanism of Screen-Printed Carbon Pastes,” Journal of Coatings Technology and Research, Vol. 17, 2020, pp. 447–459.
  •  
  • 26. Mannan, S.H., Ekere, N.N., Ismail, I., and Lo, E.K., “Squeegee Deformation Study in The Stencil Printing of Solder Pastes,” IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology: Part A, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1994, pp. 470-476.
  •  
  • 27. Li, H., and Liang, J., “Recent Development of Printed Micro-Supercapacitors: Printable Materials, Printing Technologies, and Perspectives”, Advanced Materials, Vol. 32, No. 3, 2020, 1805864.
  •  
  • 28. Dimitriou, E., and Michailidis, N., “Printable Conductive Inks used for the Fabrication of Electronics: An Overview”, Nanotechnology, Vol. 32, No. 50, 2021, 502009.
  •  

This Article

Correspondence to

  • Hong-Kyu Jang
  • * Composites & Convergence Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea

  • E-mail: hongkyu@kims.re.kr